The triglyceride-glucose index is a predictor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in CVD patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes: evidence from NHANES 2001–2018

Table 4 Threshold effect analysis of TyG index on all-cause and CVD mortality in CVD patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes

	Adjusted HR (95% CI), P-value
All-cause mortality
Total	1.12(0.92,1.35) 0.25
Fitting by two-piecewise Cox proportional risk model
Inflection point	9.05
TyG index < 9.05	0.47(0.27,0.81) 0.01
TyG index ≥ 9.05	1.42(1.02,1.99) 0.04
P for Log-likelihood ratio	< 0.001
CVD mortality
Total	1.53(1.08,2.18) 0.02
Fitting by two-piecewise Cox proportional risk model
Inflection point	8.84
TyG index < 8.84	0.25(0.07,0.89) 0.03
TyG index ≥ 8.84	1.77(1.08,2.91) 0.02
P for Log-likelihood ratio	< 0.001

Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HR and 95% CI. Adjusted for age, gender, race, BMI, tobacco use, alcohol use, education, hypertension, COPD, family income-poverty ratio. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval

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