Table 2 Baseline characteristics of population stratified by the optimal cut-off value of TyG index
Characteristics | Total population (N = 1,158) | Low TyG index group (N = 585) | High TyG index group (N = 573) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age (years) | 64.5 ± 8.0 | 65.1 ± 8.0 | 63.8 ± 7.9 | 0.005 |
Male, n (%) | 872 (75.3%) | 468 (80.0%) | 404 (70.5%) | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.19 ± 3.19 | 25.90 ± 3.22 | 26.49 ± 3.13 | 0.002 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130 ± 17 | 129 ± 17 | 131 ± 17 | 0.101 |
DBP (mmHg) | 75 ± 11 | 75 ± 11 | 75 ± 10 | 0.844 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 67 ± 10 | 67 ± 10 | 68 ± 10 | 0.006 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 273 (23.6%) | 139 (23.8%) | 134 (23.4%) | 0.881 |
Family history of CAD, n (%) | 106 (9.2%) | 42 (7.2%) | 64 (11.2%) | 0.019 |
Medical histories | ||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 837 (72.3%) | 411 (70.3%) | 426 (74.3%) | 0.120 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 1,152 (99.5%) | 583 (99.7%) | 569 (99.3%) | 0.447 |
T2DM, n (%) | 533 (46.0%) | 201 (34.4%) | 332 (57.9%) | < 0.001 |
Prior MI, n (%) | 557 (48.1%) | 284 (48.5%) | 273 (47.6%) | 0.758 |
Prior PCI, n (%) | 249 (21.5%) | 110 (18.8%) | 139 (24.3%) | 0.024 |
Prior stroke, n (%) | 147 (12.7%) | 83 (14.2%) | 64 (11.2%) | 0.123 |
PAD, n (%) | 111 (9.6%) | 57 (9.7%) | 54 (9.4%) | 0.854 |
HF, n (%) | 74 (6.4%) | 38 (6.5%) | 36 (6.3%) | 0.882 |
CKD, n (%) | 38 (3.3%) | 18 (3.1%) | 20 (3.5%) | 0.693 |
Clinical diagnosis | 0.087 | |||
UA, n (%) | 1,008 (87.0%) | 521 (89.1%) | 487 (85.0%) | |
NSTEMI, n (%) | 115 (9.9%) | 47 (8.0%) | 68 (11.9%) | |
STEMI, n (%) | 35 (3.0%) | 17 (2.9%) | 18 (3.1%) | |
Laboratory measurements | ||||
WBC (x109/L) | 6.82 ± 1.72 | 6.62 ± 1.72 | 7.02 ± 1.70 | < 0.001 |
Hb (g/L) | 141.69 ± 15.81 | 141.62 ± 16.22 | 141.76 ± 15.39 | 0.874 |
PLT (x109/L) | 204.72 ± 56.08 | 194.82 ± 50.93 | 214.83 ± 59.24 | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.24 (0.55, 3.23) | 0.96 (0.45, 2.86) | 1.60 (0.71, 3.39) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine (𝝁mmol/L) | 77.52 ± 19.95 | 76.87 ± 19.51 | 78.18 ± 20.37 | 0.264 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 90.43 ± 22.60 | 91.75 ± 22.88 | 89.08 ± 22.25 | 0.044 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.66 ± 0.81 | 1.14 ± 0.33 | 2.18 ± 0.82 | < 0.001 |
TC (mmol/L) | 3.99 ± 1.01 | 3.74 ± 0.95 | 4.25 ± 1.00 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.36 ± 0.86 | 2.22 ± 0.84 | 2.50 ± 0.86 | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.01 ± 0.23 | 1.06 ± 0.24 | 0.97 ± 0.21 | < 0.001 |
FBG (mmol/L) | 7.14 ± 3.01 | 5.78 ± 1.36 | 8.53 ± 3.55 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.76 ± 1.34 | 6.35 ± 1.00 | 7.18 ± 1.50 | < 0.001 |
TyG index | 8.98 ± 0.61 | 8.50 ± 0.32 | 9.47 ± 0.43 | < 0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 59 ± 8 | 59 ± 9 | 58 ± 8 | 0.589 |
GRACE risk score | 99 ± 34 | 99 ± 32 | 99 ± 35 | 0.935 |
Angiographic results | ||||
LM disease, n (%) | 358 (30.9%) | 191 (32.6%) | 167 (29.1%) | 0.197 |
Multivessel disease, n (%) | 1,059 (94.8%) | 534 (94.2%) | 525 (95.5%) | 0.337 |
Number of LIMA, n (%) | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 0.226 |
Number of SVG, n (%) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 0.892 |
CTO, n (%) | 1,058 (91.5%) | 532 (91.1%) | 526 (92.0%) | 0.599 |
Thrombotic disease, n (%) | 35 (3.0%) | 15 (2.6%) | 20 (3.5%) | 0.357 |
In-stent restenosis, n (%) | 101 (8.7%) | 44 (7.5%) | 57 (9.9%) | 0.146 |
PCI outcomes | ||||
Target vessel territory | ||||
Native vessel, n (%) | 1,038 (89.6%) | 530 (90.6%) | 508 (88.7%) | 0.278 |
LM, n (%) | 141 (12.2%) | 75 (12.8%) | 66 (11.5%) | |
LAD, n (%) | 284 (24.5%) | 166 (28.4%) | 118 (20.6%) | |
LCX, n (%) | 389 (33.6%) | 180 (30.8%) | 209 (36.5%) | |
RCA, n (%) | 549 (47.4%) | 282 (48.2%) | 267 (46.6%) | |
Graft vessel, n (%) | 182 (15.7%) | 89 (15.2%) | 93 (16.2%) | 0.635 |
LIMA, n (%) | 4 (0.3%) | 3 (0.5%) | 1 (0.2%) | |
SVG, n (%) | 178 (15.4%) | 86 (14.7%) | 92 (16.1%) | |
Target vessel selection, n (%) | 0.460 | |||
Only native vessel | 976 (84.3%) | 496 (84.8%) | 480 (83.8%) | |
Only graft vessel | 120 (10.4%) | 55 (9.4%) | 65 (11.3%) | |
Both native and graft vessels | 62 (5.4%) | 34 (5.8%) | 28 (4.9%) | |
PTCA, n (%) | 114 (9.8%) | 55 (9.4%) | 59 (10.3%) | 0.609 |
DCB application, n (%) | 41 (3.5%) | 22 (3.8%) | 19 (3.3%) | 0.682 |
BMS implantation, n (%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0.245 |
DES implantation, n (%) | 1,027 (99.8%) | 518 (100.0%) | 509 (99.6%) | 0.246 |
Number of treated lesions | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 0.873 |
Number of stents | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 0.322 |
Interval time from CABG to PCI (years) | 6.3 ± 4.4 | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 6.6 ± 4.4 | 0.023 |
PCI success, n (%) | 1,024 (88.4%) | 526 (89.9%) | 498 (86.9%) | 0.110 |
Medications at discharge | ||||
DAPT, n (%) | 1,140 (98.4%) | 578 (98.8%) | 562 (98.1%) | 0.320 |
ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 592 (51.1%) | 282 (48.2%) | 310 (54.1%) | 0.045 |
ARNI, n (%) | 12 (1.0%) | 5 (0.9%) | 7 (1.2%) | 0.538 |
𝜷-Blocker, n (%) | 968 (83.6%) | 481 (82.2%) | 487 (85.0%) | 0.203 |
Statins, n (%) | 1,146 (99.0%) | 580 (99.1%) | 566 (98.8%) | 0.538 |
Antidiabetic agents, n (%) | 483 (41.7%) | 179 (30.6%) | 304 (53.1%) | < 0.001 |