Table 1 Baseline characteristics of population stratified by MACCE

Demographics

 Age (years)

64.5 ± 8.0

64.3 ± 8.0

64.7 ± 7.8

 Male, n (%)

872 (75.3%)

618 (76.5%)

254 (72.6%)

 BMI (kg/m²)

26.19 ± 3.19

26.02 ± 3.04

26.59 ± 3.49

 SBP (mmHg)

130 ± 17

129 ± 16

132 ± 18

 DBP (mmHg)

75 ± 11

74 ± 10

76 ± 11

 Heart rate (bpm)

67 ± 10

67 ± 10

68 ± 11

 Current smoking, n (%)

273 (23.6%)

182 (22.5%)

91 (26.0%)

 Family history of CAD, n (%)

106 (9.2%)

68 (8.4%)

38 (10.9%)

Medical histories

 Hypertension, n (%)

837 (72.3%)

578 (71.5%)

259 (74.0%)

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

1,152 (99.5%)

805 (99.6%)

347 (99.1%)

 T2DM, n (%)

533 (46.0%)

358 (44.3%)

175 (50.0%)

 Prior MI, n (%)

557 (48.1%)

377 (46.7%)

180 (51.4%)

 Prior PCI, n (%)

249 (21.5%)

168 (20.8%)

81 (23.1%)

 Prior stroke, n (%)

147 (12.7%)

103 (12.7%)

44 (12.6%)

 PAD, n (%)

111 (9.6%)

76 (9.4%)

35 (10.0%)

 HF, n (%)

74 (6.4%)

52 (6.4%)

22 (6.3%)

 CKD, n (%)

38 (3.3%)

22 (2.7%)

16 (4.6%)

Clinical diagnosis

 UA, n (%)

1,008 (87.0%)

710 (87.9%)

298 (85.1%)

 NSTEMI, n (%)

115 (9.9%)

75 (9.3%)

40 (11.4%)

 STEMI, n (%)

35 (3.0%)

23 (2.8%)

12 (3.4%)

Laboratory measurements

 WBC (x10⁹/L)

6.82 ± 1.72

6.80 ± 1.69

6.86 ± 1.79

 Hb (g/L)

141.69 ± 15.81

142.52 ± 15.34

139.77 ± 16.70

 PLT (x10⁹/L)

204.72 ± 56.08

204.66 ± 54.73

204.87 ± 59.15

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

1.24 (0.55, 3.23)

1.08 (0.51, 2.77)

1.81 (0.69, 4.04)

 Creatinine (𝝁mmol/L)

77.52 ± 19.95

76.56 ± 18.04

79.75 ± 23.64

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

90.43 ± 22.60

91.09 ± 21.51

88.91 ± 24.90

 TG (mmol/L)

1.66 ± 0.81

1.63 ± 0.80

1.72 ± 0.85

 TC (mmol/L)

3.99 ± 1.01

3.92 ± 0.97

4.16 ± 1.06

 LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.36 ± 0.86

2.30 ± 0.84

2.49 ± 0.90

 HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.01 ± 0.23

1.01 ± 0.23

1.01 ± 0.24

 FBG (mmol/L)

7.14 ± 3.01

6.92 ± 2.90

7.65 ± 3.19

 HbA1c (%)

6.76 ± 1.34

6.74 ± 1.33

6.80 ± 1.36

 TyG index

8.98 ± 0.61

8.94 ± 0.60

9.08 ± 0.64

 LVEF (%)

59 ± 8

59 ± 8

58 ± 8

GRACE risk score

99 ± 34

99 ± 33

100 ± 36

Angiographic results

 LM disease, n (%)

358 (30.9%)

253 (31.3%)

105 (30.0%)

 Multivessel disease, n (%)

1,059 (94.8%)

739 (94.4%)

320 (95.8%)

 Number of LIMA, n (%)

1 (1, 1)

1 (1, 1)

1 (1, 1)

 Number of SVG, n (%)

2 (1, 3)

2 (1, 3)

2 (1, 3)

 CTO, n (%)

1,058 (91.5%)

737 (91.2%)

321 (92.2%)

 Thrombotic disease, n (%)

35 (3.0%)

24 (3.0%)

11 (3.1%)

 In-stent restenosis, n (%)

101 (8.7%)

76 (9.4%)

25 (7.2%)

PCI outcomes

 Target vessel territory

  Native vessel, n (%)

1,038 (89.6%)

738 (91.3%)

300 (85.7%)

   LM, n (%)

141 (12.2%)

108 (13.4%)

33 (9.4%)

   LAD, n (%)

284 (24.5%)

205 (25.4%)

79 (22.6%)

   LCX, n (%)

389 (33.6%)

263 (32.5%)

126 (36.0%)

   RCA, n (%)

549 (47.4%)

390 (48.3%)

159 (45.4%)

  Graft vessel, n (%)

182 (15.7%)

115 (14.2%)

67 (19.1%)

   LIMA, n (%)

4 (0.3%)

3 (0.4%)

1 (0.3%)

   SVG, n (%)

178 (15.4%)

112 (13.9%)

66 (18.9%)

 Target vessel selection, n (%)

  Only native vessel

976 (84.3%)

693 (85.8%)

283 (80.9%)

  Only graft vessel

120 (10.4%)

70 (8.7%)

50 (14.3%)

  Both native and graft vessels

62 (5.4%)

45 (5.6%)

17 (4.9%)

 PTCA, n (%)

114 (9.8%)

77 (9.5%)

37 (10.6%)

 DCB application, n (%)

41 (3.5%)

33 (4.1%)

8 (2.3%)

 BMS implantation, n (%)

2 (0.2%)

1 (0.1%)

1 (0.3%)

 DES implantation, n (%)

1,027 (99.8%)

728 (99.9%)

299 (99.7%)

 Number of treated lesions

1 (1, 2)

1 (1, 2)

1 (1, 2)

 Number of stents

1 (1, 2)

1 (1, 2)

1 (1, 2)

 Interval time from CABG to PCI (years)

6.3 ± 4.4

6.2 ± 4.3

6.5 ± 4.5

 PCI success, n (%)

1,024 (88.4%)

724 (89.6%)

300 (85.7%)

Medications at discharge

 DAPT, n (%)

1,140 (98.4%)

793 (98.1%)

347 (99.1%)

 ACEI/ARB, n (%)

592 (51.1%)

392 (48.5%)

200 (57.1%)

 ARNI, n (%)

12 (1.0%)

8 (1.0%)

4 (1.1%)

 𝜷-Blocker, n (%)

968 (83.6%)

681 (84.3%)

287 (82.0%)

 Statins, n (%)

1,146 (99.0%)

802 (99.3%)

344 (98.3%)

 Antidiabetic agents, n (%)

483 (41.7%)

323 (40.0%)

160 (45.7%)