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Fig. 1 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 1

From: SGLT2 inhibition, circulating metabolites, and atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study

Fig. 1

Overview of the study design. (a) The flowchart of evaluating the effects of circulating metabolites in mediating the effect of SGLT2 inhibition on atrial fibrillation. (b) The framework of the two-step MR. (c) The flow diagram of conducting the two-step MR step by step, which involved the selection of circulating metabolites HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; MVMR, multivariable Mendelian randomization; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; UVMR, univariable Mendelian randomization

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840