Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants by diabetes status according to SDF-1 quartiles

Characteristics

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

P_trend

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

P_trend

No. of participants

166

148

126

127

646

668

687

687

Demographics

Age, years

60.2 ± 9.6

60.9 ± 9.5

63.1 ± 9.3

63.6 ± 9.8

0.0006

60.5 ± 11.4

60.6 ± 11.2

62.3 ± 10.4

64.1 ± 11.0

< 0.0001

Male

96 (57.8)

86 (58.1)

84 (66.7)

72 (56.7)

0.74

440 (68.1)

464 (69.5)

427 (62.2)

434 (63.2)

0.007

Current cigarette smoking

56 (33.7)

37 (25.0)

40 (31.8)

32 (25.2)

0.24

276 (42.7)

253 (37.9)

248 (36.1)

257 (37.4)

0.04

Current alcohol drinking

45 (27.1)

36 (24.3)

23 (18.3)

35 (27.6)

0.70

232 (35.9)

249 (37.3)

206 (30.0)

195 (28.4)

0.0002

Clinical features

SBP, mm Hg

164.2 ± 16.3

166.5 ± 16.8

164.2 ± 17.4

167.0 ± 17.5

0.33

166.9 ± 16.7

166.5 ± 16.9

166.3 ± 16.8

166.2 ± 16.6

0.45

DBP, mm Hg

94.2 ± 9.9

95.1 ± 11.6

94.7 ± 9.9

96.8 ± 12.3

0.08

97.5 ± 11.1

97.0 ± 10.9

97.4 ± 11.5

96.2 ± 10.8

0.08

WBC, 10⁹/L

7.9 ± 5.6

7.5 ± 3.4

7.7 ± 4.0

7.7 ± 2.9

0.70

8.8 ± 33.5

7.9 ± 5.2

8.3 ± 27.6

7.3 ± 3.1

0.28

TC, mmol/L

5.3 (4.3–6.1)

5.1 (4.3–5.8)

5.0 (4.4–5.7)

5.2 (4.3-6.0)

0.26

5.1 (4.4–5.8)

4.9 (4.3–5.6)

4.9 (4.3–5.7)

4.8 (4.1–5.7)

0.02

TG, mmol/L

1.7 (1.2–2.6)

1.6 (1.2–2.5)

1.8 (1.3–2.5)

2.0 (1.3–2.8)

0.93

1.5 (1.0-2.2)

1.4 (1.0-2.1)

1.5 (1.0-2.2)

1.4 (1.0–2.0)

0.76

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.0 (2.2–3.7)

3.1 (2.3–3.6)

3.0 (2.4–3.6)

3.0 (2.4–3.6)

0.78

2.9 (2.3–3.6)

2.8 (2.3–3.4)

2.8 (2.3–3.5)

2.8 (2.2–3.5)

0.23

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.1 (0.9–1.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

0.74

1.3 (1.0-1.5)

1.2 (1.0-1.5)

1.3 (1.0-1.5)

1.3 (1.0-1.6)

0.08

Time from onset to hospitalization, h

10.0 (5.0–24.0)

12.0 (5.0–24.0)

11.0 (4.5–24.0)

10.0 (4.0–24.0)

0.78

9.0 (4.0–24.0)

10.0 (5.0–24.0)

11.5 (4.4–24.0)

12.0 (4.5–24.0)

0.0002

FPG, mmol/L

9.6 ± 3.9

9.1 ± 3.1

9.1 ± 3.8

9.5 ± 4.0

0.79

6.2 ± 2.4

6.0 ± 1.9

6.2 ± 2.1

6.0 ± 1.8

0.24

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2

109.6 (97.2-119.2)

106.3 (95.8-115.5)

103.3 (92.8-111.2)

101.9 (84.6-111.1)

0.0005

108.2 (97.6-117.6)

106.7 (96.5-116.1)

103.6 (92.6-112.3)

100.9 (87.0-111.1)

< 0.0001

Baseline NIHSS score

4.0 (2.0–7.0)

4.0 (3.0–7.0)

4.0 (3.0–8.0)

4.0 (3.0–8.0)

0.44

4.0 (2.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–8.0)

5.0 (3.0–8.0)

5.0 (2.0–8.0)

0.42

Medical history

Hypertension

137 (82.5)

129 (87.2)

109 (86.5)

111 (87.4)

0.26

495 (76.6)

518 (77.5)

533 (77.6)

523 (76.1)

0.83

Hyperlipidemia

24 (14.5)

27 (18.2)

19 (15.1)

20 (15.8)

0.92

27 (4.2)

33 (4.9)

50 (7.3)

34 (5.0)

0.24

Coronary heart disease

19 (11.5)

31 (21.0)

21 (16.7)

25 (19.7)

0.12

50 (7.7)

54 (8.1)

70 (10.2)

64 (9.3)

0.17

Family history of stroke

47 (28.3)

26 (17.6)

22 (17.5)

25 (19.7)

0.06

131 (20.3)

109 (16.3)

108 (15.7)

134 (19.5)

0.69

Prior use of medications

Antihypertensive

98 (59.0)

94 (63.5)

74 (58.7)

73 (57.5)

0.65

313 (48.5)

304 (45.5)

317 (46.1)

304 (44.3)

0.17

Lipid-lowing

12 (7.2)

8 (5.4)

8 (6.4)

11 (8.7)

0.63

9 (1.4)

17 (2.5)

22 (3.2)

20 (2.9)

0.06

Ischemic stroke subtype

Thrombotic

140 (84.3)

115 (77.7)

94 (74.6)

91 (71.7)

0.008

516 (79.9)

522 (78.1)

538 (78.3)

491 (71.5)

0.0008

Embolic

5 (3.0)

9 (6.1)

6 (4.8)

3 (2.4)

0.97

29 (4.5)

36 (5.4)

35 (5.1)

29 (4.2)

0.72

Lacunar

21 (12.7)

24 (16.2)

26 (20.6)

33 (26.0)

0.002

101 (15.6)

110 (16.5)

114 (16.6)

167 (24.3)

< 0.0001

Randomized treatment

92 (55.4)

75 (50.7)

56 (44.4)

66 (52.0)

0.33

312 (48.3)

331 (49.6)

355 (51.7)

350 (51.0)

0.25