Characteristic | Overall (n = 4583) | Change in the TyG-BMI | P valuea | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 1 (n = 1273) | Class 2 (n = 1664) | Class 3 (n = 1171) | Class 4 (n = 475) | |||
Age, mean ± SD, years | 58.68 ± 8.62 | 60.97 ± 8.94 | 58.50 ± 8.47 | 57.30 ± 8.26 | 56.55 ± 7.72 | < 0.001 |
Sex |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Male | 2056 (44.9%) | 743 (58.4%) | 733 (44.1%) | 424 (36.2%) | 156 (32.8%) |  |
 Female | 2527 (55.1%) | 530 (41.6%) | 931 (55.9%) | 747 (63.8%) | 319 (67.2%) |  |
Marital status |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Married | 3905 (85.2%) | 1052 (82.6%) | 1407 (84.6%) | 1012 (86.4%) | 434 (91.4%) |  |
 Other | 678 (14.8%) | 221 (17.4%) | 257 (15.4%) | 159 (13.6%) | 41 (8.6%) |  |
Residence |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Urban | 1528 (33.3%) | 301 (23.6%) | 537 (32.3%) | 481 (41.1%) | 209 (44.0%) |  |
 Rural | 3055 (66.7%) | 972 (76.4%) | 1127 (67.7%) | 690 (58.9%) | 266 (56.0%) |  |
Educational level |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No formal education | 1344 (29.3%) | 399 (31.3%) | 492 (29.6%) | 310 (26.5%) | 143 (30.1%) |  |
 Primary school | 1910 (41.7%) | 570 (44.8%) | 680 (40.9%) | 481 (41.1%) | 179 (37.7%) |  |
 Middle or high school | 1207 (26.3%) | 284 (22.3%) | 440 (26.4%) | 344 (29.4%) | 139 (29.3%) |  |
 College or above | 122 (2.7%) | 20 (1.6%) | 52 (3.1%) | 36 (3.1%) | 14 (2.9%) |  |
Smoking statusb |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 2858 (62.4%) | 627 (49.3%) | 1067 (64.1%) | 829 (70.8%) | 335 (70.5%) |  |
 Former | 374 (8.2%) | 97 (7.6%) | 121 (7.3%) | 112 (9.6%) | 44 (9.3%) |  |
 Current | 1341 (29.3%) | 546 (42.9%) | 471 (28.3%) | 228 (19.5%) | 96 (20.2%) |  |
Drinking statusb |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 2700 (58.9%) | 651 (51.1%) | 993 (59.7%) | 739 (63.1%) | 317 (66.7%) |  |
 Former | 367 (8.0%) | 122 (9.6%) | 112 (6.7%) | 104 (8.9%) | 29 (6.1%) |  |
 Current | 1513 (33.0%) | 499 (39.2%) | 558 (33.5%) | 327 (27.9%) | 129 (27.2%) |  |
History of comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertensionb | 1216 (26.5%) | 173 (13.6%) | 371 (22.3%) | 426 (36.4%) | 246 (51.8%) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetesb | 281 (6.1%) | 26 (2.0%) | 74 (4.4%) | 103 (8.8%) | 78 (16.4%) | < 0.001 |
 Heart diseaseb | 537 (11.7%) | 113 (8.9%) | 164 (9.9%) | 160 (13.7%) | 100 (21.1%) | < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidaemiab | 491 (10.7%) | 40 (3.1%) | 142 (8.5%) | 168 (14.3%) | 141 (29.7%) | < 0.001 |
 Kidney diseaseb | 256 (5.6%) | 70 (5.5%) | 84 (5.0%) | 75 (6.4%) | 27 (5.7%) | 0.493 |
History of medication use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension medicationsb | 885 (19.3%) | 114 (9.0%) | 249 (15.0%) | 318 (27.2%) | 204 (42.9%) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes medicationsb | 171 (3.7%) | 18 (1.4%) | 38 (2.3%) | 61 (5.2%) | 54 (11.4%) | < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidaemia medicationsb | 257 (5.6%) | 18 (1.4%) | 65 (3.9%) | 92 (7.9%) | 82 (17.3%) | < 0.001 |
Blood pressure, mean ± SD, mmHg |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Systolicb | 128.44 ± 20.63 | 123.79 ± 19.81 | 127.10 ± 19.89 | 132.10 ± 20.81 | 136.61 ± 20.99 | < 0.001 |
 Diastolicb | 75.00 ± 11.98 | 71.39 ± 11.16 | 74.17 ± 11.53 | 77.84 ± 11.97 | 80.64 ± 12.08 | < 0.001 |
TC, mean ± SD, mg/dl | 194.74 ± 38.93 | 185.54 ± 36.22 | 193.49 ± 37.02 | 200.13 ± 37.91 | 210.52 ± 47.15 | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mean ± SD, mg/dl | 51.25 ± 15.29 | 59.54 ± 16.26 | 52.23 ± 13.67 | 45.37 ± 12.09 | 40.09 ± 11.60 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mean ± SD, mg/dlb | 117.61 ± 34.97 | 110.75 ± 31.35 | 119.58 ± 33.44 | 122.30 ± 36.10 | 117.55 ± 43.13 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c, mean ± SD | 5.29 ± 0.81 | 5.14 ± 0.58 | 5.20 ± 0.65 | 5.40 ± 0.94 | 5.73 ± 1.20 | < 0.001 |
eGFR, mean ± SD, ml/min/1.73 m2b | 74.51 ± 33.82 | 73.36 ± 35.30 | 74.55 ± 32.57 | 74.89 ± 31.14 | 76.53 ± 39.88 | 0.433 |
TG2012, median (IQR) | 104.43 (74.34, 152.22) | 74.34 (58.41, 100.00) | 100.00 (74.34, 137.18) | 135.40 (100.45, 188.51) | 193.82 (131.87, 286.30) | < 0.001 |
TG2015, median (IQR) | 113.27 (81.42, 164.60) | 80.53 (65.49, 105.31) | 107.96 (83.19, 147.79) | 150.44 (111.50, 207.08) | 208.85 (142.92, 292.92) | < 0.001 |
FBG2012, mean ± SD | 109.61 ± 34.26 | 102.11 ± 22.68 | 105.59 ± 24.95 | 114.56 ± 40.19 | 131.58 ± 55.19 | < 0.001 |
FBG2015, mean ± SD | 101.22 ± 31.66 | 92.45 ± 18.22 | 97.44 ± 23.01 | 107.74 ± 37.91 | 121.90 ± 51.01 | < 0.001 |
BMI2012, mean ± SD | 23.65 ± 3.77 | 19.79 ± 1.73 | 23.04 ± 1.62 | 26.08 ± 2.01 | 30.14 ± 3.42 | < 0.001 |
BMI2015, mean ± SD | 23.81 ± 3.71 | 19.83 ± 1.76 | 23.34 ± 1.66 | 26.37 ± 2.02 | 29.85 ± 2.96 | < 0.001 |
TyG-BMI2012, mean ± SDc | 205.97 ± 40.60 | 163.42 ± 15.13 | 197.39 ± 14.40 | 233.00 ± 17.59 | 283.42 ± 29.91 | < 0.001 |
TyG-BMI2015, mean ± SDc | 207.44 ± 40.06 | 163.36 ± 15.45 | 200.17 ± 14.45 | 236.43 ± 16.93 | 279.56 ± 27.16 | < 0.001 |
Cumulative TyG-BMI index, mean ± SDd | 620.12 ± 115.68 | 490.18 ± 38.64 | 596.34 ± 30.55 | 704.14 ± 34.37 | 844.48 ± 62.90 | < 0.001 |