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Table 1 Distributions of variables among the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC) study participants

From: Sex-specific associations between adipokine profiles and carotid-intima media thickness in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC)

 

Combined (N = 624)

Male (N = 182)

Female (N = 442)

p-valuese

Mean or N

Mean or N

Mean or N

Adipokines

 Adiponectin (ug/mL)

26.3 (21.5)

19.5 (18.3)

29.1 (22.1)

< 0.001

 Leptin (ng/mL)

21.9 (15.3)

11.0 (10.3)

26.4 (14.8)

< 0.001

 Resistin (ng/mL)

34.5 (16.5)

35.0 (17.5)

34.3 (16.1)

0.661

 Leptin-adiponectin ratio (LAR)

1.24 (1.15)

0.82 (0.87)

1.41 (1.21)

< 0.001

 Adiponectin-Resitin Index (ARI)

1.18 (0.31)

1.31 (0.30)

1.12 (0.29)

< 0.001

cIMT

 Average cIMT (mm)

0.67 (0.15)

0.71 (0.19)

0.66 (0.14)

0.003

Potential confounders

 Age (years)

50.2 (14.4)

48.6 (15.7)

50.8 (13.7)

0.097

 BMI (kg/m2)

30.7 (6.03)

30.2 (5.94)

30.9 (6.05)

0.174

 Life time smoking > 100 cigarettes (N, %)

182 (29.2%)

99 (54.4%)

83 (18.8%)

< 0.001

Cytokines

 InterLeukin-6 (pg/mL)

4.91 (6.77)

4.55 (5.25)

5.06 (7.31)

0.331

 InterLeukin-1 Beta (pg/mL)

1.83 (6.55)

1.20 (1.26)

2.08 (7.73)

0.02

 InterLeukin-8 (pg/mL)

9.14 (8.70)

9.69 (7.91)

8.91 (9.00)

0.284

 Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (pg/mL)

5.27 (3.58)

5.49 (3.65)

5.17 (3.55)

0.311

Metabolic profile

 Normal glucose tolerance (yes) (N, %)a

215 (34.5%)

56 (30.8%)

159 (36.0%)

0.25

 Normal blood pressure (N, %)b

342 (54.8%)

86 (47.3%)

256 (57.9%)

0.019

 Normal lipid level (N, %)c

239 (38.3%)

87 (47.8%)

152 (34.4%)

0.002

Medications

 T2D Medication (yes) (N, %)

123 (19.7%)

26 (14.3%)

97 (21.9%)

0.038

 Hypertension medication (yes) (N, %)

195 (31.3%)

55 (30.2%)

140 (31.7%)

0.794

 Lipid lowering medication (yes) (N, %)

172 (27.6%)

47 (25.8%)

125 (28.3%)

0.599

Metabolic health

 Metabolically elevated riskd (yes) (N, %)

507 (81.3%)

146 (80.2%)

361 (81.7%)

0.756

  1. aNormal glucose tolerance: HbA1c < 5.7 and fasting blood glucose < 100
  2. bNormal blood pressure: SBP < 120 and DBP < 80
  3. cNormal lipid levels: HDL-C ≥ 40 for males and ≥ 50 for females, LDL-C < 160, and TG < 200
  4. dMetabolically elevated risk defined as having at least 2 of the following components: (1) SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication; (2) TG ≥ 150 mg/dL; (3) HDL < 40 mg/dL in males or < 50 mg/dL in females; (4) FBG ≥ 100 mg/dL or taking hypoglycemic medication; (5) HOMA-IR > 5.13; (6) CRP > 3 mg/L
  5. ep-values from t-test (for continuous variables) and chi-square test (for binary variables) for the sex-differences
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840