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Table 1 Selected patient characteristics after propensity score matching among initiators of empagliflozin or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i)

From: Empagliflozin is associated with lower cardiovascular risk compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in adults with and without cardiovascular disease: EMPagliflozin compaRative effectIveness and SafEty (EMPRISE) study results from Europe and Asia

Countrya

Empagliflozin/DPP-4i (n/n)

Median age (years)

Males (%)

Mean time since T2D (years)

Mean number of prior glucose-lowering drug classes (n)

Having any hospitalization (%)

Mean follow-up time (years)a

With CVD

 Denmark

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Finland

5819/5819

66.00/67.00

58.72/59.03

6.31/6.43

2.23/2.25

332.86/3.30

0.65/0.86

 Germany

166/166

68.39/67.67

73.49/75.90

–

–

–

–

 Israel

983/983

66.87/67.19

71.92/72.33

–

–

42.22/42.12

0.71/0.69

 Japan

2152/2152

66.00/66.00

74.67/73.47

–

–

60.69/62.73

0.44/0.41

 Norway

2559/2559

66.00/66.00

68.46/67.72

7.28/7.40

2.40/2.41

40.41/40.33

0.71/0.89

 South Korea

3444/3444

61.00/61.00

57.20/58.54

–

–

29.59/31.39

0.55/0.54

 Spain

1536/1536

69.00/69.00

59.57/59.31

–

–

17.84/17.32

0.90/0.86

 Sweden

8429/8429

68.00/67.00

67.01/67.83

9.54/9.56

2.61/2.62

28.66/28.06

0.53/0.81

 Taiwan

3889/3889

62.15/61.53

63.10/62.00

–

–

23.58/24.09

0.47/0.47

 UK CPRD

229/229

62.65/61.35

64.19/60.70

–

–

34.93/37.55

1.01/0.94

 UK THIN

127/127

67.00/67.00

74.02/74.80

–

–

–

0.65/0.72

Without CVD

 Denmark

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Finland

5874/5874

60.00/60.00

57.97/57.90

5.10/5.21

2.15/2.16

11.92/12.16

0.67/0.90

 Germany

671/671

62.32/62.77

56.63/56.33

–

–

–

–

 Israel

2861/2861

60.18/60.15

58.76/58.37

–

–

10.77/11.46

0.72/0.68

 Japan

3437/3437

56.00/56.00

62.15/63.81

–

–

36.98/38.84

0.52/0.47

 Norway

3711/3711

58.00/59.00

60.20/59.42

5.81/5.86

2.29/2.31

12.15/11.61

0.72/0.90

 South Korea

5629/5629

53.00/53.00

43.06/42.94

–

–

15.46/14.94

0.56/0.53

 Spain

4305/4305

64.00/64.00

59.47/59.47

–

–

0.74/0.77

0.95/0.86

 Sweden

7241/7241

61.00/60.00

61.55/61.76

8.45/8.41

2.59/2.59

8.11/8.15

0.55/0.83

 Taiwan

10,154/10,154

55.79/55.75

56.20/57.01

–

–

10.62/11.25

0.50/0.49

 UK CPRD

476/476

55.50/56.10

57.35/59.45

–

–

11.34/10.50

1.07/0.88

 UK THIN

1139/1139

59.00/59.00

57.77/58.12

–

–

–

0.65/0.72

With HF

 Denmark

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Finland

729/729

70.00/70.00

63.65/67.49

6.99/7.20

2.25/2.30

55.14/54.32

0.62/0.87

 Germany

79/79

70.79/69.04

59.49/65.82

–

–

–

–

 Israel

71/71

68.59/73.04

64.79/64.79

–

–

63.38/59.15

0.63/0.66

 Japan

1525/1525

67.00/68.00

73.90/71.67

–

–

60.39/62.82

0.44/0.40

 Norway

326/326

68.00/68.00

72.09/70.55

7.15/7.17

2.38/2.40

53.37/50.31

0.63/0.84

 South Korea

561/561

63.00/64.00

59.18/57.58

–

–

47.06/47.42

0.50/0.44

 Spain

130/130

74.00/75.00

60.77/55.38

–

–

52.31/53.08

0.76/0.73

 Sweden

1127/1127

70.00/70.00

71.61/70.98

9.95/10.07

2.60/2.65

46.50/45.87

0.51/0.78

 Taiwan

861/861

63.21/62.23

61.44/59.47

–

–

32.29/32.29

0.44/0.45

 UK CPRD

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 UK THIN

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Without HF

 Denmark

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Finland

10,999/10,999

63.00/63.00

58.22/58.44

5.59/5.67

2.18/2.20

20.06/20.06

0.66/0.90

 Germany

763/763

62.96/63.42

59.90/58.85

–

–

–

–

 Israel

3782/3782

61.81/62.02

62.14/62.40

–

–

17.95/18.11

0.72/0.70

 Japan

4065/4065

58.00/58.00

64.40/66.22

–

–

40.64/42.29

0.51/0.46

 Norway

5977/5977

61.00/61.00

63.11/62.41

6.36/6.47

2.34/2.35

22.32/22.70

0.72/0.90

 South Korea

8510/8510

56.00/56.00

56.86/56.43

–

–

19.06/19.48

0.56/0.54

 Spain

5698/5698

65.00/65.00

59.60/59.20

–

–

3.95/3.62

0.94/0.85

 Sweden

14,557/14,557

64.00/64.00

64.05/64.03

8.94/8.94

2.59/2.60

17.09/16.51

0.54/0.82

 Taiwan

13,186/13,186

57.32/56.91

57.89/58.46

–

–

13.03/12.80

0.50/0.49

 UK CPRD

762/762

57.39/57.42

60.10/60.10

–

–

19.55/20.87

1.07/0.91

 UK THIN

1270/1270

59.00/59.00

59.29/58.66

–

–

–

0.65/0.75

  1. CVD cardiovascular disease, CPRD Clinical Practice Research Datalink, DPP-4i dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, HF heart failure, T2D type 2 diabetes, THIN The Health Improvement Network, UK United Kingdom
  2. aThe follow-up time varied with the outcomes under study. The follow-up presented here is using as-treated approach and all-cause mortality where follow-up time is the longest
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840