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Table 2 Baseline and effects of 6 months the LCD and control diet on endothelial function

From: A six-month low-carbohydrate diet high in fat does not adversely affect endothelial function or markers of low-grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes: an open-label randomized controlled trial

 

Baseline

6 months

 

LCD

(n = 49)

Control (n = 21)

LCD

(n = 44)

Control (n = 20)

MDIC

p-value

RDFMD (mm)

4.28 ± 0.75 

4.37 ± 0.66

4.17 ± 0.73*

4.35 ± 0.67

 + 0.00 ± 0.04

0.93

FMD max (mm)

4.50 ± 0.76

4.55 ± 0.68

4.38 ± 0.76**

4.54 ± 0.67

− 0.01 ± 0.04

0.85

FMD (%)

5.19 ± 1.97

4.17 ± 1.79

5.00 ± 2.14

4.52 ± 2.23

− 0.44 ± 0.47

0.34

RDNID (mm)

4.29 ± 0.74

4.39 ± 0.65

4.14 ± 0.74**

4.37 ± 0.69

− 0.04 ± 0.05

0.46

NID max (mm)

5.00 ± 0.83

4.98 ± 0.71

4.86 ± 0.83*

4.97 ± 0.73

− 0.02 ± 0.06

0.75

NID (%)

16.66 ± 3.90

13.64 ± 4.91

17.47 ± 3.43

14.03 ± 4.92

 + 0.59 ± 0.93

0.53

FMD%/NID%

0.32 ± 0.12

0.33 ± 0.15

0.29 ± 0.12

0.33 ± 0.15

− 0.02 ± 0.04

0.52

  1. MDIC are reported as β-coefficient ± SE
  2. Other data as mean ± SD
  3. FMD, flow-mediated vasodilation; LCD, low carbohydrate diet; MDIC, mean difference in change; NID, nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation; RD, resting diameter
  4. *p < 0.05 or **p < 0.01 vs baseline
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840