Table 1 Baseline characteristics by baseline kidney function
|  | eGFR subgroup (mL/min/1.73 m2); N = 6,461 | UACR subgroup (mg/g)*; N = 3,238 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≥ 60 | ≥ 45–<60 | < 45 | < 30 | ≥ 30–≤300 | > 300 | |
Number of participants | 4,762 | 968 | 731 | 1,934 | 884 | 420 |
Age, years | 64.3 ± 6.9 | 68.2 ± 7.1 | 68.8 ± 7.8 | 64.5 ± 7.4 | 65.5 ± 7.3 | 63.5 ± 7.1 |
Sex, male | 3,133 (65.8) | 611 (63.1) | 422 (57.7) | 1,125 (58.2) | 585 (66.2) | 256 (61.0) |
Body weight, kg | 91.1 ± 20.6 | 94.1 ± 21.8 | 91.1 ± 21.6 | 92.6 ± 19.8 | 91.9 ± 21.2 | 89.9 ± 22.6 |
T2D duration, years | 13.6 ± 8.0 | 15.9 ± 8.8 | 17.6 ± 8.6 | 12.9 ± 8.0 | 14.5 ± 7.8 | 17.0 ± 8.3 |
HbA1c, % | 8.5 ± 1.6 | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 8.5 ± 1.4 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | 9.2 ± 1.6 |
HbA1c, mmol/mol | 69.2 ± 17.2 | 67.4 ± 16.9 | 67.3 ± 16.1 | 69.7 ± 14.8 | 73.2 ± 16.6 | 76.6 ± 18.0 |
SBP, mmHg | 135.4 ± 17.0 | 135.5 ± 17.6 | 137.3 ± 19.4 | 133.1 ± 15.9 | 136.4 ± 16.5 | 145.7 ± 19.6 |
DBP, mmHg | 77.0 ± 9.8 | 75.4 ± 10.3 | 75.3 ± 10.7 | 76.7 ± 9.8 | 76.5 ± 9.9 | 79.9 ± 10.9 |
Prior CV event | 2,231 (46.9) | 372 (38.4) | 271 (37.1) | 906 (46.8) | 353 (39.9) | 164 (39.0) |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 4.8 ± 1.5 |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 1.2 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 2.0 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 1.7 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 2.4 ± 1.6 |
Glucose-lowering medication | ||||||
Metformin | 3,986 (83.7) | 622 (64.3) | 258 (35.3) | 1,518 (78.5) | 629 (71.2) | 226 (53.8) |
Sulphonylurea | 1,853 (38.9) | 362 (37.4) | 213 (29.1) | 878 (45.4) | 354 (40.0) | 156 (37.1) |
Thiazolidinedione | 132 (2.8) | 29 (3.0) | 33 (4.5) | 34 (1.8) | 18 (2.0) | 19 (4.5) |
Glinides | 99 (2.1) | 17 (1.8) | 21 (2.9) | 51 (2.6) | 24 (2.7) | 11 (2.6) |
Insulins | 2,381 (50.0) | 590 (61.0) | 502 (68.7) | 815 (42.1) | 468 (52.9) | 236 (56.2) |
Other†| 364 (7.6) | 54 (5.6) | 21 (2.9) | 29 (1.5) | 13 (1.5) | 9 (2.1) |
CV medication at baseline | ||||||
Beta blockers | 2,787 (58.5) | 577 (59.6) | 409 (56.0) | 1,129 (58.4) | 479 (54.2) | 244 (58.1) |
Calcium channel blockers | 1,400 (29.4) | 347 (35.8) | 331 (45.3) | 501 (25.9) | 333 (37.7) | 206 (49.0) |
ACE inhibitors | 2,270 (47.7) | 422 (43.6) | 282 (38.6) | 996 (51.5) | 446 (50.5) | 171 (40.7) |
ARB | 1,638 (34.4) | 407 (42.0) | 320 (43.8) | 589 (30.5) | 311 (35.2) | 190 (45.2) |
Diuretics | 1,607 (33.7) | 473 (48.9) | 437 (59.8) | 706 (36.5) | 340 (38.5) | 188 (44.8) |
Lipid-lowering drugs | 3,777 (79.3) | 795 (82.1) | 618 (84.5) | 1,485 (76.8) | 667 (75.5) | 322 (76.7) |
Platelet aggregation inhibitors‡ | 3,614 (75.9) | 675 (69.7) | 489 (66.9) | 1,463 (75.6) | 629 (71.2) | 276 (65.7) |
Anti-thrombotic medication§ | 277 (5.8) | 98 (10.1) | 65 (8.9) | 111 (5.7) | 58 (6.6) | 19 (4.5) |
Kidney parameters | ||||||
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 85.7 ± 13.7 | 52.4 ± 4.3 | 35.6 ± 7.4 | 80.5 ± 20.0 | 73.6 ± 23.0 | 58.5 ± 25.9 |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 ≥ 90 ≥ 60–<90  ≥ 30–<60 < 30 | ||||||
≥ 90 | 2,053 (43.1) | – | – | 768 (39.7) | 273 (30.9) | 70 (16.7) |
≥ 60–<90 | 2,709 (56.9) | – | – | 828 (42.8) | 344 (38.9) | 125 (29.8) |
 ≥ 30–<60 | – | 968 (100.0) | 592 (81.0) | 316 (16.3) | 247 (27.9) | 157 (37.4) |
< 30 | – | – | 139 (19.0) | 22 (1.1) | 20 (2.3) | 68 (16.2) |
Participants with UACR values* | 2,408 (50.6) | 436 (45.0) | 394 (53.9) | 1,934 (100.0) | 884 (100.0) | 420 (100.0) |
UACR, mg/g, geometric mean (%CV)* | 17.4 (487.9) | 34.6 (824.4) | 121.8 (1,507) | 6.1 (113.4) | 83.6 (72.1) | 990.5 (102.0) |
UACR, mg/g* | ||||||
< 30 | 1,596 (66.3) | 214 (49.1) | 124 (31.5) | 1,934 (100.0) | – | – |
≥ 30–≤300 | 617 (25.6) | 148 (33.9) | 119 (30.2) | – | 884 (100.0) | – |
> 300 | 195 (8.1) | 74 (17.0) | 151 (38.3) | – | – | 420 (100.0) |