Table 1 Baseline characteristics stratified by diabetes status: Non-Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Non-Diabetes | T2D | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 1269 | 794 | |
Age (years) | 61.03 [53.72, 68.45] | 64.91 [58.03, 71.48] | < 0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.73 [24.47, 29.19] | 27.86 [25.35, 30.55] | < 0.001 |
Sex = F (%) | 347 ( 27.3) | 222 (28.0) | 0.703 |
Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) | 5.70 [5.40, 6.00] | 6.60 [6.10, 7.10] | < 0.001 |
Hypertension = yes (%) | 1168 ( 92.0) | 765 (96.3) | < 0.001 |
Antihypertensive medication = yes (%) | 1064 ( 83.8) | 714 (89.9) | < 0.001 |
Dyslipidaemia = yes (%) | 796 ( 62.7) | 598 (75.3) | 0.109 |
Cholesterol-lowering medication = yes (%) | 574 ( 45.2) | 390 (49.1) | < 0.001 |
All-cause death = yes (%) | 498 ( 39.2) | 488 (61.5) | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 133.00 [102.00, 186.00] | 158.00 [119.00, 216.00] | < 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 117.00 [99.00, 140.00] | 114.00 [92.00, 137.00] | 0.016 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 39.00 [33.00, 47.00] | 36.00 [30.00, 42.00] | < 0.001 |
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 163.00 [144.00, 186.00] | 173.00 [152.00, 200.00] | < 0.001 |
Iron (µg/dl) | 94.00 [72.00, 119.00] | 87.00 [65.00, 113.00] | < 0.001 |
Transferrin (mg/dl) | 247.00 [226.00, 273.00] | 253.00 [227.00, 277.75] | 0.006 |
Ferritin (ng/ml) | 149.00 [86.00, 257.00] | 186.00 [106.00, 307.75] | < 0.001 |
Total protein (g/dl) | 6.90 [6.50, 7.20] | 6.90 [6.50, 7.20] | 0.066 |
Albumin (g/dl) | 4.30 [4.00, 4.80] | 4.30 [4.00, 4.70] | 0.126 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.60 [0.40, 0.80] | 0.50 [0.40, 0.80] | 0.986 |
Amylase (U/L) | 19.00 [15.00, 24.00] | 18.00 [14.00, 23.00] | 0.043 |
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 110.00 [92.00, 131.00] | 118.00 [97.00, 143.00] | < 0.001 |
γ-Glutamyl-transferase (U/L) | 15.00 [10.00, 26.00] | 19.00 [12.00, 32.00] | < 0.001 |
Cholinesterase (U/L) | 5710.00 [4910.00, 6530.00] | 5710.00 [4750.00, 6620.00] | 0.878 |
Creatine kinase (U/L) | 30.00 [22.00, 43.00] | 28.00 [19.00, 40.00] | 0.001 |
Cortisol (mg/L) | 20.90 [17.10, 25.60] | 22.15 [17.70, 26.50] | 0.001 |
Aldosterone (ng/L) | 79.00 [48.00, 126.00] | 78.00 [46.00, 122.00] | 0.659 |
Renin (U/L) | 17.00 [9.00, 34.00] | 22.00 [10.00, 47.00] | < 0.001 |
Folic acid (µg/L) | 7.60 [5.80, 10.00] | 7.90 [6.10, 10.20] | 0.088 |
Cotinine > 15 µg/L = yes (%) | 196 ( 15.4) | 122 (15.4) | 1.000 |
eGFR CKD-EPI* | 89.69 [77.83, 98.41] | 86.65 [72.15, 95.71] | < 0.001 |
Coronary artery disease (CAD) by angiographic status, n (%) | |||
Normal (smooth contours) | 332 (26.5) | 138 ( 17.7) | < 0.001 |
Minor disease (11–49%) | 133 (10.6) | 70 ( 9.0) | |
1 vessel disease (≥ 50%) | 236 (18.8) | 149 ( 19.1) | |
2 vessel disease (≥ 50%) | 223 (17.8) | 172 ( 22.1) | |
3 vessel disease (≥ 50%) | 330 (26.3) | 251 ( 32.2) | |
≥ 10% max. stenosis | 974 (77.7) | 683 ( 87.6) | < 0.001 |
≥ 20% max. stenosis | 922 (73.5) | 642 ( 82.3) | < 0.001 |
≥ 50% max. stenosis | 789 (62.9) | 572 ( 73.3) | < 0.001 |