Association between the triglyceride–glucose index and the risk of mortality among patients with chronic heart failure: results from a retrospective cohort study in China

Table 2 HRs (95% CI) of primary outcomes according to TyG index tertiles

Categories	Events (%)	Unadjusted	P-value	P for trend	Model 1	P-value	P for trend	Model 2	P-value	P for trend
Categories	Events (%)	HR (95% CI)	P-value	P for trend	HR (95% CI)	P-value	P for trend	HR (95% CI)	P-value	P for trend
All-cause death
Continuous variable per 1 unit		1.40 (1.31–1.49)	< 0.001		1.62 (1.50–1.75)	< 0.001		1.51 (1.38–1.64)	< 0.001
Tertile^a	2158 (32.2)			< 0.001			< 0.001			< 0.001
T1 (n = 2232)	561 (25.1)	Ref			Ref			Ref
T2 (n = 2231)	694 (31.1)	1.27 (1.14–1.42)	< 0.001		1.38 (1.23–1.55)	< 0.001		1.29 (1.15–1.46)	< 0.001
T3 (n = 2234)	903 (40.4)	1.82 (1.64–2.02)	< 0.001		2.08 (1.84–2.35)	< 0.001		1.84 (1.61–2.10)	< 0.001
CV death
Continuous variable per 1 unit		1.46 (1.35–1.58)	< 0.001		1.66 (1.50–1.83)	< 0.001		1.54 (1.38–1.72)	< 0.001
Tertile	1305 (19.5)			< 0.001			< 0.001			< 0.001
T1 (n = 2232)	322 (14.4)	Ref			Ref			Ref
T2 (n = 2231)	423 (19.0)	1.35 (1.17–1.56)	< 0.001		1.45 (1.24–1.68)	< 0.001		1.34 (1.15–1.56)	< 0.001
T3 (n = 2234)	560 (25.1)	1.96 (1.71–2.25)	< 0.001		2.20 (1.88–2.58)	< 0.001		1.94 (1.63–2.30)	< 0.001

Model 1: adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, drinking status, hemoglobin, ALT, AST, TBil, albumin, eGFR, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, cTnT, sodium, NT-proBNP, LVEF and NYHA classification
Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 + hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, previous MI, angina, stroke, COPD, previous heart surgery, antiplatelet agents, lipid-lowering drugs, ACEI/ARB, ARNI, β-blocker, mineralocorticoid antagonists, diuretics, digoxin and hypoglycemic therapy
CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, TyG index triglyceride-glucose index
^aTyG index: T1 (< 8.40), T2 (8.40–8.93), T3 (≥ 8.93). P values < 0.05 are presented in bold

ISSN: 1475-2840