The additive effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on left ventricular deformation and myocardial perfusion in essential hypertension: a 3.0 T cardiac magnetic resonance study

Table 2 Comparisons of CMR findings between controls, HTN (T2DM−) group and HTN (T2DM+) group after adjustment for age, sex, BMI and heart rate

	Controls	HTN (T2DM−)	HTN (T2DM+)	P value
	n = 37	n = 70	n = 40	P value
LV geometry and function
LVMI (g/m²)	44.55 ± 8.06	58.07 ± 16.02*	55.22 ± 13.22*	< 0.001
LVEDVI (mL/m²)	75.92 ± 12.42	78.26 ± 17.00	76.95 ± 13.51	0.223
LVESVI (mL/m²)	28.51 ± 7.62	28.65 ± 10.71	29.39 ± 9.02	0.437
LVEF (%)	62.85 ± 6.20	63.84 ± 7.04	63.00 ± 7.66	0.408
Stroke volume (mL)	78.09 ± 12.04	83.99 ± 21.10	80.18 ± 14.66	0.082
Cardiac index (L/min/m²)	3.27 ± 0.60	3.70 ± 0.86	3.37 ± 0.72	0.068
LV remodeling index (g/mL)	0.60 ± 0.12	0.75 ± 0.17*	0.73 ± 0.18*	0.001
Myocardial strain
GRPS (%)	38.98 ± 8.14	36.57 ± 10.81*	31.77 ± 10.91*^§	< 0.001
GCPS (%)	− 21.44 ± 2.74	− 21.41 ± 3.10	− 19.88 ± 3.59*^§	0.004
GLPS (%)	− 14.94 ± 2.42	− 13.14 ± 2.66*	− 11.75 ± 3.69*^§	< 0.001
Myocardial perfusion
Upslope	2.73 ± 1.17	3.30 ± 1.29*	1.83 ± 0.74*^§	< 0.001
TTM (s)	26.90 ± 10.15	23.30 ± 8.78	31.65 ± 12.57*^§	0.002
MaxSI	23.03 ± 8.03	27.10 ± 9.64*	18.05 ± 6.78^§	< 0.001

HTN, hypertension; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus;LV, left ventricular; M, mass; EDV, end diastolic volume; ESV, end systolic volume; I, indexed to BSA; EF, ejection fraction; GRPS, global radial peak strain; GCPS, global circumferential peak strain; GLPS, global longitudinal peak strain; TTM, time to maximum signal intensity; MaxSI, max signal intensity
* p < 0.05 versus controls
^§p < 0.05 versus HTN (T2DM−) group

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