Table 2 Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of incident CVD according to the 1-SD increase in TyG-index, stratified by gender: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

TyG-index

1.11 (1.01–1.22)

0.040

1.23 (1.09–1.39)

0.001

1.16 (1.07–1.25)

< 0.001

Age (years)

1.06 (1.05–1.06)

< 0.001

1.05 (1.04–1.06)

< 0.001

1.05 (1.05–1.06)

< 0.001

WC (cm)

1.01 (1.00-1.03)

0.105

1.02 (1.00-1.03)

0.022

1.02 (1.01–1.03)

0.004

BMI (kg/m²)

0.98 (0.93–1.02)

0.261

0.98 (0.94–1.01)

0.155

0.97 (0.95–1.00)

0.052

Education (years)

 < 6

Reference

Reference

Reference

 6–12

1.11 (0.92–1.35)

0.289

0.81 (0.61–1.07)

0.135

0.99 (0.85–1.16)

0.922

 ≥ 12

0.98 (0.75–1.29)

0.903

0.59 (0.30–1.16)

0.124

0.88 (0.69–1.12)

0.299

Smoking

 Never

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Past

1.37 (1.12–1.69)

0.003

1.01 (0.63–1.61)

0.983

1.31 (1.09–1.57)

0.005

 Current

1.67 (1.39–2.02)

< 0.001

1.62 (1.07–2.46)

0.023

1.67 (1.41–1.97)

< 0.001

Low physical activity

1.05 (0.88–1.25)

0.608

1.11 (0.90–1.38)

0.333

1.07 (0.94–1.23)

0.301

FH-CVD

1.37 (1.10–1.70)

0.004

1.58 (1.28–1.96)

< 0.001

1.47 (1.26–1.71)

< 0.001

T2D

1.73 (1.39–2.15)

< 0.001

1.80 (1.41–2.30)

< 0.001

1.78 (1.51–2.09)

< 0.001

Hypertension

1.60 (1.34–1.91)

< 0.001

1.65 (1.34–2.04)

< 0.001

1.64 (1.43–1.87)

< 0.001

Lipid drug

0.97 (0.63–1.50)

0.895

1.20 (0.90–1.61)

0.208

1.12 (0.88–1.42)

0.346

LDL-C (mmol/L)

1.37 (1.25–1.49)

< 0.001

1.18 (1.07–1.29)

0.001

1.28 (1.21–1.37)

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

0.76 (0.53–1.10)

0.146

0.87 (0.60–1.25)

0.439

0.82 (0.63–1.06)

0.133

Gender (female)

–

–

–

–

0.57 (0.49–0.66)

<0.001