Fig. 4

Administration of high glucose for 24 h had no effects on ERK1/2, p38 and JNK phosphorylations in HUVECs; however, insulin administration increased them under NG and HG conditions. Confluent HUVECs were exposed to 5 mmol/L (NG) or 25 mmol/L (HG) of glucose for 24 h. During the last 30 min, HUVECs were treated with different physiological concentrations of insulin, and whole cell lysates were prepared for Western Blot analysis. The panels show representative images of different independent experiments. Densitometric values were normalized to total amounts of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK, respectively. Bars represent mean ± SEM for five independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 HG vs. NG