REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT |
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Accepts cholesterol from the macrophage and tissues and transports it back to the liver for disposal in the bile (figure 1). |
Acts a an apoprotein donor to the other lipoproteins |
ANTIOXIDANT |
Antioxidant activity (through intimal paraoxonase, and redox -sensitive methionine residues of apo A-1) |
Increases eNOS and endothelial nitric oxide |
ANTIINFLAMMATORY |
Downregulates adhesion molecule expression on endothelium: (I-CAM, V-CAM and MCP-1) |
Inhibits neutrophil degranulation |
ANTITHROMBOTIC |
Antithrombotic activity via its ability to block TxA2 and potentiates activity of proteins: C and S. |
Stimulates prostacyclin production (antithrombotic and vasodilitory). |
ENDOTHELIAL PROTECTION PROTERTIES |
Acts as an endothelial mitogen and inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis: This would help to decrease the incidence of plaque erosion and promote plaque stabilization |
Stimulates endothelial nitric oxide (eNO and its enzyme eNOS) and prostacyclin production with vasodilatation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. |