From: How hyperglycemia promotes atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms
Extracellular matrix |
---|
   Collagen cross linking [74] |
   Enhanced synthesis of extracellular matrix components [10] |
   Trapping of LDL in the subendothelium [75] |
   Glycosylated subendothelial matrix quenches nitric oxide [76] |
Functional alterations of regulatory proteins |
   bFGF glycosylation reduces its heparin binding capacity and its mitogenic activity on endothelial cells [13] |
   Inactivation of the complement regulatory protein CD59 [26] |
Lipoprotein modifications |
   Reduced LDL recognition by cellular LDL receptors [21] |
   Increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification [19] |